Milling cutter for rotary cutting tool, its every blade is equivalent to a lathe tool is fixed on the rotation of the milling cutter. For cutting cutting edge milling at the same time is longer, and there is no empty trip, Vc is higher, so the productivity is higher. Cutter is a lot of more phyletic, the structure is different, the application range is very wide, according to its USES can be divided into planar milling, machining grooves in face milling, processing forming in milling cutter, etc. Three broad categories. General specifications of the cutter has been standardized, usually all by professional tool factory production. Introduce several kinds of commonly used features of the milling cutter and its scope of application.
1. The cylindrical milling cutter
Cylindrical milling cutter, such as the following. It usually are made from high speed steel as a whole and helical cutting edge distribution on cylindrical surface, no vice cutting edges, spiral blade is cut and gradually from the workpiece when cutting, so the cutting process is stable. Mainly used for horizontal milling machine processing width less than the milling cutter length is long and narrow plane.
According to different processing requirements, cylindrical milling cutter with coarse teeth, serration, coarse teeth let chip groove, used for roughing, serration for finish machining. Milling cutter diameter is larger, often made of insert.
2. The face milling cutter
Face milling cutter, the main distribution of cutting edge on a cylinder or cone surface, the transverse cutting edge as a cutting edge and the axis of the milling cutter is perpendicular to the surface of the processed. According to the blade material can be divided into two broad categories, high speed steel and carbide, made more sets of type insert structure, blade material of 40 cr.
According to provisions of national standards for high speed face milling cutter, d = 80 ~ 250 mm in diameter, pitch Angle beta = 10 °, number of teeth Z = 10 ~ 26.
Carbide end milling surface compared with the high speed steel cutter, the milling speed is higher, the processing surface quality is better also, and can be processed with crusty and hardened layer of the workpiece, so it is widely used. Cemented carbide milling cutter according to the blade and blade installation method is different, can be divided into the integral, a welding machine clamp type and indexable type 3 kinds.
Face milling cutter is mainly used in horizontal or vertical milling machine milling machine processing steps on the surface and plane, especially suitable for large flat processing, the Angle is 90 ° of face milling cutter and milling surface wider at the bottom of the steps. With the face milling cutter machining plane, at the same time to participate in the cutting blade is more, and have a cutting edge of the light effect, makes the processing surface roughness value is small, so you can choose the big cutting dosage, higher productivity, wide application.
3. The vertical milling cutter
Vertical milling cutter is one of the most commonly used in CNC milling cutter, the structure, the cylinder is on the cutting edge is the main cutting edge and face distribution on the cutting edge, the main cutting edge for spiral teeth commonly, this will increase the cutting stability, improve the machining precision. Because ordinary vertical milling cutter face center without cutting edge, so the end mill axial feed not able to do at work, end face blade is mainly used to machining with side at the bottom of the vertical plane.
Chip in order to improve chip curl situation, increase the capacity space, prevent scraps jams, knife tooth number is less, let crumbs slot arc radius is larger. General coarse teeth vertical milling cutter teeth Z = 3 ~ 4, serration vertical milling cutter teeth Z = 5 ~ 8, shell structure Z = 10 ~ 20, let crumbs slot arc radius r = 2 ~ 5 mm. When vertical milling cutter diameter is bigger, also can be made from tooth structure, to enhance resistance to vibration, the cutting process smoothly.
Standard endmill with pitch Angle beta to 40 ° to 45 ° (coarse) 35 ° and 30 ° ~ (serration), vertical milling cutter shell structure of beta is 15 ° ~ 25 °.
Smaller diameter endmill, generally made with handle forms. From 2 ~ 71 mm vertical milling cutter for straight shank; From 6 ~ 63 mm end mill for Morse push the handle; Phi 25 ~ 80 mm end mill for the "taper shank with a screw hole and screw hole used to tighten tools. Diameter gets from 40 ~ 160 mm end mill to do complete structure.
Vertical milling cutter is mainly used for machining grooves, surface forming surface and the use of modeling processing steps. In addition with coarse teeth big spiral Angle endmill, corn milling cutter, carbide corrugated vertical milling cutter blade, etc., their diameter is larger, can use big feeding, productivity is high.
4. The side and face milling cutter
Side and face milling cutter, can be divided into straight tooth blade on three sides and wrong tooth blade on three sides. It is mainly used in horizontal milling machine processing steps on the side and one end or two ends through the shallow grooves. Side and face milling cutter in addition to the circumference of a circle is the main cutting edge, the two sides also have a cutting edge, so as to improve the cutting condition, to improve the cutting efficiency, reduced the surface roughness value. But change the width is bigger, after resharpening insert side and face milling cutter can solve this problem.
5. The saw blade milling cutter
Saw blade milling cutter, saw blade milling cutter itself is very thin, only in the circumference of a circle on the cutter teeth, used for cutting the workpiece and milling narrow slots. In order to avoid the knife, thinning the thickness from the edge to the center, make both sides forming Angle.
6. Keyway milling cutter
Keyway milling cutter. Its shape is similar to vertical milling cutter, the different is that it is on the circumference of a circle with two spiral blade, the end face of blade blade extends to the center, like vertical milling cutter, and as a bit. Therefore blocked the keyway milling at both ends and can be just the right amount of axial feed. It is mainly used for processing round head close key, use it when processing, will be many vertical feed and longitudinal feed to complete key processing.
National standard regulations, straight shank keyway milling cutter d = 2 ~ 22 mm in diameter, taper shank button fine milling cutter diameter d = 14 ~ 50 mm. Keyway milling cutter diameter deviation of e8 and d8 two kinds. Keyway milling cutter, circular cutting edge near the end of only a small section of a wear occurs in the length, the resharpening, just end face grinding, cutting edge, so after heavy grinding milling cutter diameter is constant.